Pope Leo Makes Historic Apology for Church’s Past Role in Supporting Slavery and Singles Out AI in Major Manifesto

In a significant address, Pope Leo XIV has issued a strong warning regarding the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) while also acknowledging the Catholic Church’s historic complicity in the institution of slavery. The U.S.-born pontiff delivered his first encyclical, titled “Magnifica Humanitas” (meaning “Magnificent Humanity”), on May 25, highlighting the need for ethical considerations and regulation in the face of rapidly advancing technologies.

Pope Leo, who took on the role of the head of the Catholic Church less than a year ago, characterised AI as a valuable asset but expressed grave concerns about its potential to amplify disparities in power and wealth, as well as its deployment in warfare scenarios. He underscored that while technology can provide significant benefits, it also harbours substantial risks that must be proactively managed.

A substantial part of the encyclical is dedicated to reflecting on the transatlantic slave trade, an issue the pope described as “new forms of slavery” tied to the digital economy. He made a historic apology for the actions of previous popes who aided in legitimising the subjugation of “infidels” in past centuries. This move has been regarded as groundbreaking, as it is the first time a pope has publicly acknowledged and sought forgiveness for these past injustices.

Pope Leo expressed his deep remorse in a heartfelt passage, stating, “It is impossible not to feel deep sorrow when contemplating the immense suffering and humiliation endured by so many in stark contrast to their immeasurable dignity as persons infinitely loved by the Lord.” His insistence on the need for the Church to seek pardon illustrates a significant pivot in the Vatican’s approach to historical accountability.

Within the encyclical, the pontiff elaborated on the broader implications of AI technology on society. He has previously described AI as one of the greatest threats facing humanity, signalling a profound concern about the potential for AI to distort social dynamics and exacerbate divisions. Leo called for robust legal frameworks to govern AI and demanded that developers and users be informed and held accountable.

Highlighting the moral responsibilities associated with technology, the pope rejected the notion that algorithms can govern decisions regarding war and conflict. He stated, “No algorithm can make war morally acceptable,” emphasising that such technologies may accelerate conflict while rendering it increasingly detached from human compassion. This assertion reflects a growing unease about employing AI in military contexts.

Pope Leo urged for a more vigorous political engagement in regulating AI, expressing that it is vital to slow down the hurried adoption of such technologies. He asserted that uncritical acceptance of AI can lead to detrimental consequences, including disregard for its environmental footprint and societal impact. His call for “independent oversight, informed users and a political system that does not abdicate its responsibility” resonates with growing sentiments across various sectors advocating for ethical technology use.

Moreover, Pope Leo expressed concern regarding the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few due to technological advancements, drawing a direct line between historical injustices and current challenges. He noted, “This is why the memory of past complicity and blindness in the face of the injustice of slavery becomes a call to vigilance.”

In concluding his encyclical, the pope urged for a transformed approach to technology, advocating for discernment and responsibility amidst a rapidly evolving landscape. He noted that the lessons learned from historical injustices should guide contemporary actions, emphasising that vigilance is necessary to ensure technology serves humanity rather than undermines it.

This encyclical marks a pivotal moment for the Church, as it seeks to reconcile modern technological advancements with its moral and ethical teachings. Pope Leo XIV’s words on AI and the legacy of slavery highlight the Catholic Church’s ongoing pursuit of justice and moral integrity in a world increasingly defined by its relationship with technology.